Patient X Essay Example for Free

Understanding X Essay Understanding X’s specialist has been attempting to persuade him to rehearse better way of life propensities to for quite a long while to help battle his hypertension (on antihypertensive prescription for a long time), diabetes (6 years) and developing waistline. An ongoing standard registration uncovered a disintegration of his lipid profile (TC 260, TG 310, HDL 29, LDL 170) and fasting glucose of 172. Tolerant X is 55 years of age, weighs 245 lbs and he is 5’10 . 1) Hypertension: Weight control to bring down the dangers related with hypertension incorporate an eating regimen low in sodium and high in potassium. The danger of hypertension is lower when salt admission is lower and potassium diminishes pulse by expanding the measure of sodium discharged in the pee. The DASH eating plan is the best alternative for looking after hypertension. Physical movement is additionally a significant way of life alteration that ought to be embraced. Taking part in customary high-impact physical movement, for example, a lively walk will bring down the danger of hypertension. Diabetes: An eating regimen to help control diabetes additionally centers around weight the board. Low glycemic list slims down have been appeared to decrease confusions related with diabetes. Exercise is additionally a key factor to controlling diabetes. A 3-5 days of the week work out, which centers around caloric use and length instead of force, has been demonstrated to expand insulin affectability and glucose resilience. *Exercise can diminish other hazard factors, for example, weight control, lipid profile, and hypertension. Lipid Profile: Elevated triglycerides are best rewarded with expanded physical movement and weight decrease. Oxygen consuming activity, weight decrease, smoking suspension, and moderate liquor utilization will well influence HDL-C and lower LDL-C. In the wake of contrasting these three angles, it is anything but difficult to see that an eating routine concentrated on weight the executives, smoking discontinuance, and physical movement including vigorous exercise will enormously bring down Patient X’s chance components for hypertension and diabetes. 2) Suggesting that Patient X start the DASH diet would be the primary spot to begin. The DASH diet incorporates a simple to-utilize outline which helps plan menus. It additionally incorporates things that individuals for the most part prefer to eat, just in less balance and with more products of the soil. To enable Patient X to stop smoking, there are remedies or over the counter fixes that will permit discontinuance. There are additionally treatment bunches that Patient X could attempt if fixation end up being excessively incredible. Practicing with somebody, a companion or noteworthy other is consistently simpler than practicing alone. I would propose that Patient X discover an activity mate and conceivably start a rec center participation. On the off chance that they feel this isn’t the correct decision for them, at that point in any event, strolling around their square for 30 minutes permits some type of high-impact practice in their life. Following a half year I would hope to see a lower pulse if Patient X had without a doubt been taking part in physical action. Improvement in circulatory strain among hypertensive, produces results inside the initial scarcely any weeks. I would likewise hope to see significant improvement in complete cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides if the correct eating routine was kept up. I would likewise hope to see an expanded insulin affectability and glucose resilience. A drop in BMI will likewise be shown.

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â€Å"Love VS Power: The Wife of Bath and Miller’s Comparison† In the Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, Chaucer delineates the alternate point of view among people on the idea of marriage and love. In The Wife of Bath’s story, it is demonstrated the lady acknowledging marriage and needing to have the option to cherish a man genuinely as where in The Miller’s Tale, love isn’t anything, yet sex with the man in the story. As per Chaucer, the confusion with marriage is that men are devoured by sexual want and are effectively manhandled by ladies like The Wife of Bath. As saw, The Miller’s Tale is about infidelity. â€Å"Just like men, the spouses have privileged insights, as does God†, says the Miller. Both have data that the other don't think about that are sacrosanct and ideally left inferred. The possibility of matchless quality and pride are both present in The Wife of Bath’s Tale making it the focal idea all through the whole of her story. It is expected that her essential marriage was sorted out by her folks, despite the fact that The Wife of Bath doesn't make reference to them in her preface, â€Å"experience, however no power/were in this world, is correct enough for me/to talk about the trouble that is in marriage;/for, my masters, since I was twelve years of age.† (Chaucer 285). In that timespan, it is viewed as that the men, for example, a dad, spouse or even a sibling should secure the ladies in the family. Despite the fact that The Wife of Bath doesn't have faith in being controlled by a man, she does anyway prefer to be hitched to one. One will see that when a spouse died or left, The Wife will move to her next husband. A marriage where the spouse overcomes over the husband is an ideal, delighted one as indicated by The Wife of Bath. She finds tha t it’s not very... ... The Miller depicts Alison as a wild and youthful (205) lady all through the whole story, clarifying that she doesn't regard the relationship with her significant other by any stretch of the imagination. It can likewise recommend that she isn't a holy messenger or the â€Å"good wife† that she jumps at the chance to claim to be. Clearly Alison likes to utilize her magnificence and body in approaches to make it simpler to acquire the things that she want simply like The Wife of Bath in a roundabout way indicates in her story. Despite the fact that Chaucer demonstrated different stories of different characters in The Canterbury Tales, the Miller’s and Wife of Bath’s story outperformed them all on their idea of marriage and love. Both permit the peruser to comprehend what they are accustomed to and their recognition. While one doesn't appear to accept a lot in affection, different does. In any case, both unmistakably accept that ladies control the round of adoration in their own individual manners.

Argumentative Essay Topics and How to Write Them

Argumentative Essay Topics and How to Write ThemThere are a number of popular argumentative essay topics and you should consider utilizing each of them as part of your topic selection process. Each topic will work very well in different situations and each will require different research and writing strategies.The most popular argumentative essay topics use one main argument or theme throughout the entire piece. In this case the student simply documents their argument or theme as a summary of their theory. In fact, many of these topics do not even attempt to make any sort of a comprehensive argument or even outline the framework for a conclusion.Another type of argumentative essay that you may choose to write is the 'sentence argument'. This argument is similar to the main argument, but instead of a short paragraph, the essay describes in a few sentences what the essay is about. In addition, the argumentative essay utilizes very basic language and descriptive language and provides no support for their position.An essay that is built on a foundation of a basic argument might look something like this:Although this brief essay does not provide a comprehensive outline of the main argument, it does give you an idea of what it is all about. When writing an argumentative essay, it is important to think of the purpose of the essay as a research paper. It is very important to present the facts in an organized and compelling manner. Therefore, when you write an argumentative essay you should pay careful attention to both the structure and your writing style.Although the essay is written in a single paragraph, there are some really basic elements that you should include that outline the main argument. The first thing you want to include is a discussion of the big picture and why it is important to you. The second element, you should include is the main points of the argument.The third and final element is the conclusion. In order to get across your argument to the reader, it is important to clearly outline what you want to say and provide supportive evidence for the claims you are making. However, it is also important to not over-sell or go into great detail. Try to be simple and direct.When writing an argumentative essay, you need to create a structured outline that includes the points you wish to make. It is important to always remain focused on the purpose of the essay and to present supporting evidence to back up your claims. Ultimately, it is up to the reader to decide whether they agree with your claims or not.

Analysis And Recommendations Managing People Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3083 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? According to the results operations management of both companies need to recognize the crucial role and importance of people management in the success of company. Recruitment process: Management of both companies need to bring some changes in recruitment process. They should advertise the jobs in other community newspapers because airport newspapers are mostly approachable to the people only working within the airport. This tends to create a trend of people moving from one company to another and reduces healthy competition. People with fresh ideas and talent remain behind due to lack of information. If the jobs are advertised externally then the firms would have a larger pool of talent to select the candidates and this would ultimately lead to increase in the quality of work. Time scale is very important factor in the recruitment process. From the primary research it is gathered that time scale is a negative aspect within the recruitment process of both companies. Management of both companies should consider this issue as a priority and need to take some bold steps to reduce the time period between the person applying for job and the person starting the wo rk. In AIS time period is between 4 to 5 months and in I-Sec time period is between 1 to 2 months. I-Sec Limited has hired an external company for reference check thats why their total recruitment process duration reduced. AIS Limited may also need to follow this approach to reduce their duration of recruitment. The management of AIS Limited needs to review their policy of interview. They should arrange the second interview with operational manager and duty manager as the selected candidate is expected to work closely with operational manager and duty manager. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Analysis And Recommendations Managing People Business Essay" essay for you Create order Training: Operations management of both companies are providing different courses to their employees to improve their skills but they still need to do more work in this area. Both companies are providing Level 1 Training to each staff member. Level 1 training is very basic training to enter in aviation security. It is basic necessity from DFT (Department of transport) to pass this exam with 85% marks. Management need to arrange the exam in a more strict fashion so only capable candidates are selected , secondly they should arrange refreshers course after every year for revision purposes and updated standards/laws so the employees are aware of the latest development within the industry, Management needs to understand the role of both types of training (on-job off-job) in the success of the company. Management should provide the staff on-job training for each post as they would be expected to undertake this role on their own. It is suggested that initially one experienced staff or super visor should work with them at least for a whole a day on one post. In this way new staff will gain the required confidence and perform the duty according to the requirements. Secondly management should send their staff on different seminars and lectures arranged by different organizations on the topic of aviation industry and security requirements or any topic related to aviation industry or security. It will improve their skills and capabilities which will be ultimately prove successful for the company. Motivation: Motivation is internal processes which direct behaviour (Naylor, 2002). Management should understand the importance of motivation if they aim to direct employees efforts towards recognizing the objectives and success of the company. Both companies need to develop a framework for motivation of the employees. It was noticed that key staff members were leaving AIS Limited because of lack of motivation. In I-Sec Limited, similar situation was observed however motivation was marginally better Company management need to introduce the culture of promotions, bonus and annual increments. They need to develop the environment of appreciation and recognition. Management should try to empower the employees which motivate the employees to achieve the company goals. Management should introduce rewards on individual performances and distribution of rewards should be fair. Leadership: Management of both companies must provide strong leadership if they are to succeed in long term. The lack of leadership is felt at a time when companies are in the process of adopting new procedures but are taking time to implement because managers have no direct communication channel with employees. Manager should be the combination of leader and administrator if companies are to succeed and achieve higher ranking within the industry. Unfortunately both companies have lot of managers but no leader. Leader should be a role model for followers so they can learn belief and admire. Leader can motivate the staff towards company objectives which and in some way this influences the performance of the organization. Biggest obstruction against the innovation in company is creating the interest and belief of people toward this change. Only good leadership can encourage the employees and satisfy them about their concerns. Job Design: Job design is about how we structure individuals jobs and the workplace or environment in which they work and their interface with the technology they use (Slack et al 2004). Management of both companies needs to consider and pay attention towards the relationship between employee and job during the process of design the job. They should consider these factors during this process. Job Rotation: Management of both companies needs to encourage and understand the concept and approach of job rotation. Moving the staff from one post to another is beneficial for both employee and the management. Job rotation of employees will increase skill flexibility which is useful for company in case of shortage of staff, management can overcome this problem because staff will be capable to work on other post when needed due to absence of the other staff and this in turn increases the worth of employee Job enlargement enrichment: Management should try to enlarge and enrich the job perfor med by a person. If one agent remains whole day at on one post then he/she is likely to be bored and inactive at that the position which will automatically affect the performance. Both companies management need to adopt the policy of job rotation and enrichment. Secondly management needs to give its staff the required authority and allow them to take decisions if any problem is faced. Taking this approach will help increase employees confidence and performance will improve which indirectly will improve the performance of the company. Organization culture: Organizational culture is the system of shared actions, values, and beliefs that develop within an organization and guide the behavior of its members (Hunt.J.G Osborn.R.N). Management of both companies needs to establish a friendly culture in the organizations. Management of both companies should create an open and flexible culture so sharing necessary information is easy. Communal culture would be better for both companies. This type of culture is a combination of both performance and friendship. People have good relations with each others, like and help each other but maintain their focus on their task and goal. This type of culture is suitable for success of company. Improve Team Effectiveness: Companies need to move forward by leaving away the concept of person-specific and by adopting the concept of team leadership. This concept should reflect in their planning, coordination, vision and utilization of resources by the leader. Additionally in their internal control system and in the procedure of work flow which deal in crises and provides high level of teamwork, output and communication. Companies need to understand and motivate the processes of team development. Secondly to ensure their structure, goals, vision and approach towards exceptional changes in combined objective and goal achievement. Companies need to accomplish best practice to describe organizational task and objectives. Operations Management of both companies need to recognize Strengths and weaknesses of individual team members. The needs of individual and provide this opportunity to the organization. The need of coaching in order to solve problems within the team and to increase their level of motivation, flexibility and develop new combinations of teams. Establish an infrastructure for Performance monitoring and continuous improvement. Decision making: Decision making processes are heart of management activity in business world thats why management needs to recognize its importance in the success of the company. In both companies the decisions are taken at upper level. Management need to take some steps for the success of company. Management should establish a decision making process. Manage a decision making team which include the members of all the departments. Before final decision, management should consider all the suggestions. Before implement the decision, management should take in confidence all the employees. Management needs to follow the different methods for decision making. 1): Break-even analysis 2): Preference matrix 3): Decision theory 4): Decision tree Management can take help from break-even analysis method to specify the alteration required in demand or volume earlier than second option become more enhanced for the company or organization instead of first one. Preference matrix hel ps the management in decision making process to deal with different options instead to access on a single measure of merit. Decision theory helps the management when the conclusions are indecisive to select the best choice. Decision tree method helps the management when there are relations between todays and tomorrows decisions and incidents means todays decision can be effected by any incident happen tomorrow in other words decisions are made in sequence. Employee involvement: Employee involvement in decision making process can play a crucial role in success of company. This can happen by transferring knowledge, information and power down towards lower level. It is the responsibility of management to design such infrastructure in which employee involvement and commitment to the organization can be developed. Companies should recognize the importance of this factor in the success and improvement in overall business. Suggestion schemes and quality circles are the two ways of achieving this aim. Suggestion schemes: Suggestion scheme will be fruitful approach to involve the employees in decision making process. Management need to introduce and establish suggestion schemes. The main aim of these schemes should to encourage employees to come up with their suggestions and ideas. Management need to consider these ideas and suggestions during their decision making process and planning for future carefully and also on a good and profitable suggestion should be rewarded. Quality circles: Management need to introduce groups around 8 or 10 people from different contracts and provide them opportunity to meet weekly for on hour where they can discuss and solve different problems which they are facing on daily basis rather than making suggestions and wait for others to consider . It is the responsibility of the management to provide training to these groups about new skills like problem investigation, how to work and behave in groups, how to solve problem and implement new ideas and how to develop innovation and creativity. Need to provide them powers to implement their solutions. Empowered supervisors: Supervisor is the leader of the team and should be able to anticipate and react positively towards problems and guide the staff in terms of approach and dedication to the job. For those purposes supervisor should be empowered and have authority to take decisions. Operations management of both companies need to empowered their supe rvisors in terms of decision making. Planning and control: Planning selects the direction and points the organization along the route; control ensures that the direction is maintained (Naylor, 2002). Operations Management of both companies needs to recognize the critical role of planning and control in the success of the company. Both companies need to do much work in this area. Both companies have different airlines contract on Heathrow airport related to security and customer services. Companies have to provide the security to the aircraft during the stay on Heathrow airport. Mostly airlines flights come with in gap of 30 Minutes or 1 hour and flights stay 2 to 3 hours on the ground. So both companies needed lot of staff at the same time to manage this situation. Most of the airlines always complain about mismanagement and short of staff. Management needed a lot of planning and control to over come this situation. Management required taking bold steps and developing a system for planning which provide the framework for control. Management should understand the concept of reconciliation of supply and demand in terms of timing, quality and volume. Management need to take some bold steps to improve the communication skills of their employee by arranging different courses or by sending their staff to different institutions for attending communication skills lectures. Within the recruitment process they should introduce some basic level of education requirement. Management needs to put an emphasis on the strategy and its implementation. Empowered the in-charges and produce good planners should be the part of strategy. Operations Management of both companies needs to understand the basic requirements before making a plan They should be clear about their goal or objectives. Make a list of actions. Investigate, prioritize and reduce Translate the list into a plan Monitoring and implementation of plan Analysis of plan on regularly basis Operations management needs to understand the reason behind a plan. Uncertain conditions become the basis to create a plan. In business environment these uncertain conditions are the part of it. The basic motive behind these plans is to identify the ambiguity and its different solutions. How to improve management control systems: Control system is essential for any company or organization to coordinate and control the activities of different departments, sections and divisions. Most control systems are inefficient or fail because they are past-action-oriented. Setting Performance standards: Management should set the performance standard with the input from the employees because ultimately their performance is the main goal to achieve and measured. Management should keep in mind that these standards should be achievable and acceptable to individuals because they have to accomplish. The targets can be difficult but should be in range of capabilities of employees. Because high standards de-motivate the staff and efforts towards the goal are not effective. Managers should also consider number of standards which are applicable because too many standards can cause confusion as the employees will not be able to give full attention. Measure and compare actual with planned results: After setting the standards the second important factor is to measure and compare actual with. The management should take into account the input from the employee for selection of person. In most cases employees do not think the person who is performing this duty is the best this could be due to variety of reasons such as trust, impartially and the overall knowledge. Evaluate results, give feedback and coach: Management needs to establish the results by forecasting and assessing the absentees, accidents and employee turnover which can be used as early warning, so company will be prepare for specific actions in advance but assessing should be compared carefully done against the competency. Management should be ready for deviation which can be in positive or negative. In case of negative deviation management needs to take proper action but in case of positive deviation management should give reward to the employees for that. Management should provide coaching to the employees in the framework of control system. Take corrective action: Management needs to take corrective action after receiving warnings in terms of forecasting or predictions even it changes the standards, plans, and goals. Management needs to consider the employees during the process of changing in goals, plans and standards because they are on front line and are most affected. The management needs to understand that planning control system will be successful until the corrective actions are taken. Work Quality measurement: Work measurement means to find out the time required to complete a job or task. Time factor has very important role in the success of any company. It is the responsibility of the management to monitor the time factor required for any specific job or task. Operations Management needs to Plan the work for the employee. Plan and decide the number of workers required to complete the certain job. Plan which job should be allocated to which employee or decide which employee is suitable for certain job. Manage a criterion to calculate the performance of the worker. Plan the incentive in terms of bonus on efficiency of the worker. Management need to set the standard time for a particular job which will be the time taken by an experienced worker not the time taken by certain individual. Management should establish work measurement system which helps in planning, controlling, improve performance and supervision, increase productivity and reduce labour cost. Managem ent should understand the objective of work measurement which is to calculate the work load in an operation in terms of requirement of time, number of workers and efficiency. Management needs to develop awareness about department for transport (DFT) and British airways authority (BAA) and their functions. Management needs to guide and prepare the staff to face these authorities when they came to check their quality of work. Rating: This method based on direct observation and is conversion process of observed time into the time taken by a qualified worker at standard level maintain by the company. Management needs to select proper trained staff for the supervision of this process and manage different courses on regularly basis to update their training. Allowances: Allowance means provide an additional time to the worker to recover from the fatigue during working a complete shift of 8 hours is called as allowance and its amount depend upon the environment in which worker is working and secondly job nature. The operations management needs to provide the allowance to the workers on daily basis on fixed time with fix inter. Management should not use this allowance as a compensation for unhealthy and unsafe environment of working.  Quality measurement: Management of both companies needs to understand the importance of quality factor and need to take bold steps to improve the quality of services which they are providing to their different clients. Management needs to promote the quality awareness in the employees as well as throughout the company. Management needs to introduce quality tools in the organization like run chart, histogram, cause and effect diagram, check sheetÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦..etc. Management should recognize that quality of services can affect the performance of organization in terms of productivity and loss of business. Management needs to develop a method of inspection means compare the quality with standard. Secondly need to define the inspection procedure of the company i.e. how much and how may times, at which level or locationÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦etc. Management needs to find the causes of poor quality and find out the ways to correct th e causes.

Corporate Governance And The Different Governance Models Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3397 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Cause and effect essay Did you like this example? The purpose of this essay is to critically analyze, describe and compare the two fundamental governance methods while finalizing and summarizing on the most efficient and dynamic model. The rules governing the structure of the corporation and the distribution of power and control in a business are generally referred to as corporate governance. According to a definition of Shleifer and Vishny (1997) corporate governance deals with the way in which suppliers of finance to corporations assure themselves of getting a return on their investment Consequently, corporate governance will only be necessary in a situation where the suppliers of finance (the shareholders or owners of the company) do not run the company themselves but hire a management team that is responsible for the daily activities of the company. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Corporate Governance And The Different Governance Models Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Corporate governance is a field that concentrates on the relationship between boards, stockholders, top management, regulators, auditors and other stakeholders. The principal characteristics of effective corporate governance are: transparency, protection and enforceability of the rights and prerogatives of all shareholders and directors capable of independently approving the corporations strategy and major business plans and decisions and of independently hiring management, monitoring managements performance and integrity and replacing management when necessary. Of importance to this study is the recognition that boards of directors are essential to most definitions of corporate governance. Cadbury (1993:9) states that it is the ability of boards of directors to combine leadership with control and effectiveness with accountability that will primarily determine how well companies meet societys expectations of them. Maassen (2002). Over the years, the traditional one-tier mana gement system was expanded and developed into a more complicated and advanced two-tier management system. The well-known one-tier system derived from the Anglo-Saxon or Anglo-American system which is characterized by the lack of enthusiasm in employee participation and strong corporate perceptions. In contrast, the two-tier management system (known as Continental or dualistic) is heavily influenced by labor law and owes its basic organizational features in Germany. The way in which corporate governance is organized in different countries, depends on the business context which it prevails. This entails a separation between ownership and management. The diversity of board roles in the governance of corporation differences in the leadership structure, the organization structure and the composition of boards provide a wide range of prototypes. However, both management and directors also share another more fundamental goal, to develop a board which can bring the most informed and most objective advise available. Thus, after the knowledge was drawn from corporate governance lecture for the competition among the two different systems of corporate governance we will provide a preliminary evaluation. Distinctive perspectives of corporate governance give rise to differences in the definition of boars roles in the governance of corporations. We are going to examine their advantages and disadvantages referring examples in European countries. The purpose is not to favor one model above another but to look at similarities and differences. In conclusion, we can say that methods used to appoint management and controlling bodies are not trivial, but they are not the most important distinctive trait of the systems of governance. Governance models The two-tier model In many countries most companies are run mostly for the benefit of the shareholders and the rightful of owners. On the other hand some companies run for the benefit of other significant groupings such us customers and employees. This is the two-tier or stakeholder model which we are going to analyze below. In the two-tier system of governance all stakeholder interests and especially public are protected. This model it is constituted from two boards, the management board and the supervisory board. The management board includes one or more individuals appointed by the supervisory board. These members chosen by the supervisory board cannot also be a member of the supervisory body. The business of the company is administered by the management board, conditional to the supervision of the supervisory board. The management board is obliged to report periodically to the supervisory board and the latter may at any time call for information or clarifications. The management of the company itself may not be undertaken by the supervisory board itself, but its approval may be required in the case of specific transactions. The management board is obliged to report periodically to the supervisory board and the latter may at any time call for information or clarifications. The management of the company itself may not be undertaken by the supervisory board itself, but its approval may be required in the case of specific transactions. Chetcuti (2010) The main tasks of the supervisory board are to appoint the members of the management board to the shareholders meeting and to monitor them. To explain, supervisory board is the monitoring body of the corporation. There is a strict separation of control and managerial tasks. The two boards are cooperating and between them there is big confidence while information is shared among all the members with the result of efficiency decision making. This characteristic is the most important strength of two-tier management. Furtherm ore, in the shareholders meeting an auditor is represented. To remove a member of the board of auditors or the external auditor three conditions must be satisfied, a) first, a good cause is required, b) second, adopted by the shareholders meeting is needed, c)third, the resolution adopted by the shareholders meeting must be approved by a court. The external auditor may be removed only when this above conditions satisfied. In contrast with the two-tier model where the supervisory board may easy remove persons appointed to corporate bodies such as the members of the management board. The continental European model (two-tier system) where supervisory boards consist solely of non-executives and a lower level management board consists of full time managing directors. Its main difference between the other corporate governance models is the power granted by the law to the shareholders meeting to remove the members of the supervisory board with a simple resolution and without the approva l of the court. Also, the control of management (not the corporation) involves the compliance with law and articles of the corporation in its business strategies. The law has strictly restrictions to transfer the authorities of one body to another body. An obvious and comprehensible example of such transfer are the transfer of decision-making on the annual report from the supervisory board to the general meeting of shareholders and the restriction to the management board taking decisions without the supervisorys board approval. Bajuk (2010) However, business relationships are inherent characteristics of the German supervisory board. In contrast to the USA and the UK, Germany and Netherlands have a two-tier board system. Germany follows this model, where the board comprises a management and a supervisory board, which provides a complete separation between management and supervision of management as we discussed above. The right of employees to participate in decision making in this model is known as co-determination, which is also reflected in the fact that workers counsels have rights concerning working hours, holidays, hirings and dismissals. In systems with co-determination the employees are given seats in a board of directors in one-tier management systems or seats in a supervisory board and sometimes management board in two-tier management systems. In two-tier systems the seats in supervisory boards are usually limited to 1/3 of all members. In some systems the employees can select 1/2 of all members of supervisory boards, but a representative of shareholders is always the president and has the deciding vote. The employee representatives in management boards are not present in all systems. They are always limited to a workers director, who votes only on matters concerning employees. Wikipedia Co-determination (2010). The remaining members of the supervisory board are appointed by the general assembly of shareholders. Furthermore, the assembly has the right to elect the chairman, who has double voting rights in the meeting. To summarize, the two-tier model is characterized by the central role of the supervisory board which has a monitoring character. The supervisory board is granted two powers: to endorse the balance sheet and to oversee the members of the management board without a resolution of the shareholders meeting. The one-tier model One-tier model (Continental European) knows two bodies of corporate governance. The one-tier model in United Kingdom characterized by a more flexible approach than in two-tier system in Germany. The two bodies of governance are the general meeting of shareholders and the board of directors. Both management and control entrusted to the hands of board of directors. The shareholders meeting appoints the board of director who performs the monitoring function. In the Anglo-Saxon countries one specific stakeholder can be identified which can exert a substantial influence on managerial decision-making: the influence of shareholders is strongly institutionalized in these countries. Also in one-tier model the shareholders are strongly protected by the law. As a result, in the Anglo-Saxon countries apply the democratic principle of one share, one vote. A one-tier board of directors further characterizes the Anglo-Saxon countries: executive and supervisory responsibilities of the board are condensed in one legal entity. Furthermore, in its composition and competencies, the general meeting of shareholders does not differ considerably from the general meeting seen in two-tier management system. The final decision on the composition of controlling and management bodies is still made by the shareholders meeting however the combination of monitoring and managing bodies are the most important features in this model. In addition, one of its characteristics is that the shareholders meeting may remove the members of the board of directors at any time. Here I have to stress that the board of directors consists of both executive and non-executive directors who are not members of the board of directors. As all directors have the same powers, non-executive directors can also take management decisions when at the same time this is restricted by the supervisory board in two-tier management (Germany). From a practical point of view, the non-executive board members advise the i nside directors on major policy decisions for the corporation. If we compare director duties in Germany, what we observe is weak rules on care and skills and at the same time powerful on fiduciary duties. There has been considerable debate over the effectiveness of executive and non-executive directors. The revised Combined Code provides the description of their functions. The Combine Code recommends composing at least half the board of independed non-executives. Also, a core element of the combined Core is the separation of the positions of board chairman and chief executive officer (CEO). The effect of both elements is the management and control of the corporation. Derek (2003) As we have described in the above analysis some one-tier boards are dominated by a majority of executive directors while others are composed of a majority of non-executive directors. In addition one-tier board can have one leadership structure that separates the CEO and chair positions of the board. O ne-tier boards can also operate with a board leadership structure that combines the role of CEO and the chairman. The one-tier boards also make often use of board committees like audit remuneration and nomination committees. Continental European countries such as Germany, Finland and Netherlands have adopted variants of the two-tier board model which make it more particular management system from one-tier system. The internal audit of the listed corporations that adopt the one-tier system is performed by an internal control committee composed by non-executive directors. An external auditor controls compliance with accounting procedures, and the term of the corporate bodies and of the external auditor is a maximum of three It is worth to mention that the appointment of a director to the management control committee it should be approved by the board of directors. In that case, the removed member has its position on the board of directors but will not belong any more in the managin g body of the corporation. Thus the removal procedure in one-tier model of governance does not follow the procedure required to remove the members of the board of auditors in two-tier system. The most interesting aspect of the one-tier system is the way boards of directors operate in combination with managing and monitoring functions. The main advantages that have been cited for one-tier governments include: better service coordination, clearer accountability (because there is only one tier), more streamlined decision-making, and greater efficiency. (Bahl and Linn, 1992) Finally, the Anglo-Saxon system of corporate governance is characterized by relatively short-term economic relationships. Quite unrestricted markets for capital, labor, goods and services ensure rapid adjustment to changing circumstances, thereby disfavoring long-term and stable relationships (Gelauff and Den Broeder, 1996). This phenomenon has led some to observe that managers in the Anglo-Saxon countri es are myopic, focusing on boosting the next quarterly figures while under-investing in long-term assets such as research and development or training (e.g.Porter, 1992; Prodhan, 1993). However, according to others, there is no concrete evidence to support these claims (e.g. Shleifer and Vishny, 1997). The most important conclusion in one-tier board counties is the emphasis on market operation where they are trying to maximize shareholders value. Comparison of two models One-tier and two tier corporate governance models have numerous differences. Their main differences are due to the dissimilar roles of their executive organs and the power that can force. One important mechanism which is a common theme in both corporate governance models is the board of directors. As well common themes are the board of shareholders and auditors. In Continental European model (two-tier system) two extra organs make the difference. The supervisory board and the Works Councils have a vital role in the countries which are following the two-tier system. Previous members of the management board often become ordinary members or even preside of the supervisory board (Schmidt and Drukarczy, 1997). A major difficulty with the supervisory board is the ownership structure in Continental Europe where the two-tier board system is predominant. In those countries certain groups often hold large shares of companies. Although, the way in which corporate governance differs from co untry to county; the separation between ownership and management exists in both systems. A demonstration follows below in making a comparison through their advantages and disadvantages. One-tier model which is typical in Anglo-Saxon countries and known as a shareholders model. Continental European model which adopts its characteristics of the German countries and is known as stakeholders model. The first significant difference is the shareholders concentration, the number or percentage of the prospective elements of dividends. In Continental European model shareholders represent a large percentage of the total number of shares which are publicity traded. The shares give the proof of membership or ownership for shareholders is a piece of paper that has a value. Every share gives you the right to vote, the right to pay dividends and both. On the other hand in Anglo-Saxon countries the shareholders concentration is very low. This happened due to the fact that companies in Angl o-Saxon countries are larger and the percentage of shares represents an enormous capital Franks Mayer (1994). This model is characterized by the fact that relationships between companies and shareholders as well as with their employees are temporary in nature. We observe a greater mobility on the capital and labor markets where counterparts does not happen the same in Continental model. This is characterized by the very good and institutional relationships with stakeholders for the maintenance of balance. The role of shareholders can move the threads in the operation and development of enterprise. Their identity differs in these two models. In United States and United Kingdom most of the totals of shares are in the hands of agents of financial institutions. In Germany happens completely opposite, private companies, financial institutions and private persons hold the most of the shares. In one-tier system due to the regulations the financial institutions are not allowed to hold s hares on their own behalf, on the other hand in two-tier system companies and individual persons act directly without using agents to manage their affairs. Financially the one-tier system shareholding via the stock exchange is very widespread and the individual shareholders do not have enough attendance in the daily practice of the corporation but the influence of the stock exchange is decisive. The term business context is the number of listed companies as a percentage of the total number of companies in a country. In one-tier board system many companies are listed and their shares are publicity traded as a result of less personal contact with their shareholders. In contrast, the two-tier model is characterized by a business management whos seeking lasting institutional relationships with all stakeholders. In European countries fewer companies are publicity traded, so a strong relationship exists between the management of the company and its shareholders. The majority of Euro pean companies hold large stakes in associated companies and shareholding and vice-versa. The existence of different holdings and top-down structures in these companies regulates the diverse patterns of control, which are often maintained over the long term. However, transparency is much more limited in these countries because of the limited number of shareholdings and thus the limited extent of information disclosure. Furthermore, regulations as anti-trust laws and arms-length between parent and daughter companies have limited the complexity of the ownership structure within the tier-two countries. Summary Conclusion By analyzing the regulations for the two board systems to elaborate the respective advantages and pitfalls, we find a strong evolution of the systems towards each other. The independence of corporate governance boards is an important corporate governance issue. The monitoring bodies of the organizational structures of the two models have to keep the balance of power among corporation. One-tier boards stand for faster decision making and flexibility as they are characterized by a clearly defined management body. On the downside, there is a greater risk of board capture because the members are heavily influenced by the CEO. To empower non-executive directors, stock exchanges, legislators and other comment factors promote changes to existing board structures in Anglo-Saxon countries. In this context we found that Anglo-Saxon countries rely on a majority of independent directors within the board of directors to guarantee an alignment of interests between the management and the share holders, which is claimed by all the recently released corporate governance codes. Consequently both the responsibilities of monitoring and the strategy-setting are incorporated in the same body. The board members fulfill both economical and monitoring roles, thats why they face dilemma, they should make decisions, and, at the same time to monitor these decisions. While this problem does not exist in two-tier system due the formal separation of control and management, it is essential to obtain this separation affected in the one-tier system. Two-tier boards ensure a clear separation of direction and control. This separation can protect both, shareholders and the public interest, this is the major advantage. Although, the separation of management and control a little enervates the independence of the members of the supervisory board, this separation remains a strength regarding to the management board. Each member of the management board has the same task, to run the business in a way that allows further development and financial prosperity. The control claims an open discussion between the members of the supervisory board and the management board. The members of the supervisory board are chosen by the management board and are only formally obtained at the general meeting. In practice the members of the management board and usual the chairman switches to the supervisory board, and frequently become the chairman after retirement. Although the co-determination statute had even the advantage to reduce the possibility of strikes and is an early warning system for social conflicts. Furthermore, co-determination is capable of protecting companies from hostile takeovers. Aside from marginal differences we observed the same difficulties of control for both board systems. The strong evolution of the systems towards each other on the one hand illustrated an obstacle for the new legal form since the additional benefit of the new freedom of choice between different b oard structures is lowered. This research concludes that Continental European forms of board organization are hardly ever acknowledged by both reformers as well as researchers in the fields of corporate governance and thus still limited on widespread relevance and recommendation. On other hand, resent financial developments in both corporate Amecrica and Europe have shown tremendous short comings on both control and diligence on both systems. Further development and clarification of both financial and governance laws need to both refine and merge elements from both systems.

Oedipus The King Analysis - 800 Words

Oedipus the King Sophocles is widely recognized as one of the greatest drama and play writes of all time. Sophocles’ writing takes place in the classical period. His unique style of writing involves symbolism, archetypal characters and tragedies. This type of style is shown in the â€Å"Oedipus the King† which can consists of either a great man or woman who has fallen. Sophocles paints a clear picture of exercising free will and it’s benefits, and the disastrous effects it can have on ones’ life. Oedipus was determined to end the plague in the city of Thebes by finding the murderer of King Laius. Oedipus also struggled with not knowing the identity of his parents. Oedipus ignored the advice of those around him and chose to pursue the truth,†¦show more content†¦Oedipus learns there is one survivor who knew the truth. Tiresias the prophet of Thebes said, â€Å"Oedipus you killed the man whose killer you now hunt†. Tiresias goes on to say, â€Å"You have been living unaware in the most hideous intimacy with your nearest and most loving kin, immersed in evil that you cannot see†. (Sophocles 677). In this statement, Tiresias revealed that he had knowledge of the moral crime that was responsible for bringing Oedipus into existence. Oedipus, upset about Tiresias’ revelation, turns to the person who he feels he can trust the most, which was his wife Jokasta. He wanted Jokasta to give him answers to his questions. Jokasta insisted that Oedipus keep living without knowing the truth. Jokasta begged, â€Å"For god’s sake, if you care about your life give up your search. Let my pain be enough!† Later she says, â€Å"You poor child! Never find out who are you† (Sophocles 694). Jokasta’s use of the phrase â€Å"poor child† toward Oedipus denotes her compassion, and the love she has for him. She also knew that he would not want to know that the man he killed, Laius, was his father. Jokasta tried to shield him from the truth; just as a parent will try to protect their child at all times. When faced with the truth we all have options, and we never know how the truth may affect us. As we read, death played a vital part in this story. There is no right or wrong way to react to death. Many feel they cannot go on in life,Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Oedipus The King 1127 Words   |  5 Pages For A Life Of Regrets Oedipus the King is a play written by Sophocles. Oedipus is the main figure and legend of Sophocles play. After Oedipus birth into the world, his father King Laius of Thebes heard from a prophet that his own child was destined to kill him. Sophocles play begins from past to present and starts to unravel the journeys Oedipus goes through. Oedipus isn t an evil character as one would think while reading the story. He neverRead MoreAnalysis Of Oedipus Oedipus The King 1152 Words   |  5 Pagesreading Oedipus the King. 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The drama is uplifted by the character development and excellent structure Sophocles has put forward. Interactions between characters and each character’s motivations generate brilliant themes throughout the play. SophoclesRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Oedipus The King1419 Words   |  6 PagesAdhikari Mrs. Long-Goldberg Honors World Lit/Comp 26 September, 2017 Ignorance Can Lead to Great Agony Plays were of great importance in early Greek culture. Plays were the main source of entertainment, and one of the most prominent examples is Oedipus the King written by Sophocles. The drama is uplifted by the character development and excellent structure Sophocles has put forward. Interactions between characters and each character’s motivations generate brilliant themes throughout the play. SophoclesRead MoreOedipus The King Analysis1357 Words   |  6 PagesThe Greek play, Oedipus the King, shows how easy it is for a man to fall apart, while trying to make things right. 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Through Oedipus’ misfortune, Sophocles tries to reveal the cause of their tragedy is ubiquitous and ever-present fate,Read MoreAnalysis Of Oedipus The King1145 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus goes against the Chorus as he strongly defends himself as the people intensify his incrimination of killing the old king. Oedipus could not believe in his wildest dreams that he murdered his own father and was the husband of his mother. As an adopted runaway boy and a newfound king, he had to dig deep in his past to ease his burden. The Chorus’ incrimination of the King has brought the town into a downward spiral due to finding the real truth of the blind prophet. The relevance of Oedipus’

Big Brother and George Orwell Essay Example For Students

Big Brother and George Orwell Essay Lots of writers try to envisage the future. They usually write it as a distopian environment. It has even become a literary tradition to write from the point of view of a rebel trying to break free from his distopian world. Usually the writers imagine that the world has been taken over by technology, like in the Matrix. Some things, that writers imagine start to become eerily true- like in 1984 George Orwell thought wed be watched by telescreens, instead we are watched by Closed Circuit Television. George Orwell is the author of one of the most famed distopian books, 1984. What are writers trying to tell us about our future and more importantly our present?. George Orwells world is run by Big Brother. He is the leader of the government for Oceania, which is called the Party. The world is being seen through the eyes of Winston Smith who is in the outer party. He is inquisitive and curious about the world he lives in.  Winston works in the Ministry of Truth. One day, among his work papers he finds a photograph of three self confessed agents of Eastasia ( a country Oceania are at war with) when they were meant to be on enemy soil, but really they were with some other members of the Party. It was curious that the fact of having it in his fingers seemed to make a difference even now, when the photograph itself, as well as the event it recorded was only a memory (pg. 82) The Party keeps changing the past- The past not only changed, but changed continuously(pg. 82). To Winston it seemed that he was the only one who noticed everything was changing. There was always a war between Eastasia, Oceania and Eurasia, these are the three powers. At the start of the book Oceania are at war with Eurasia and are in alliance with Eastasia. In no public or private utterance was it ever admitted that the three powers had at any time been grouped along different lines (pg. 36)Everyone in Oceania would say that they had always been at war with Eurasia. But Winston remembers when Oceania had been in alliance with Eurasia only Four years ago(pg. 36). who controls the past ran the party slogan controls the future: who controls the present controls the past'(pg. 36).  People would know that the wars change but the lies which the party tells them they believe with the help of a process called doublethink. Doublethink is a process in which if, for example, Oceania were know at war with Eastasia in a split second you had to forget that Oceania were ever in alliance with them and think that there had never been a war with Eurasia. To be conscious of complete truthfulness while telling carefully constructed lies(pg. 37). In Goldsteins book the Theory and Practice of Oligarchial Collectivism he writes that War is waged by each ruling group against its own subjects and the object of the war is not to make or prevent conquests of territory, but to keep the structure of society intact (207). This means the wars are continual and will never end. Because when there is a war there are more jobs and less resources and citizens have less money and free time. So people wont get more educated and start thinking that the Party is wrong. Instead everyone is suffering and is on the brink of hardship. And the war makes them give up luxuries so they wont be happy. Newspeak is a language which will be the official language of Oceania in 2050. Their current language is Standard English or Oldspeak. The language doesnt include words such as honor, justice, morality, internationalism, democracy, science and religion and lots of other similar words.thisis because when Newspeak becomes the official language no one would be able to think of anything that the party doesnt want them to. So if you wanted to say in Newspeak All mans are equal in Oldspeak that would mean the same as All men are red haired. The word equal in Newspeak still means the same but it expresses a palpable untruth-i.e. that all men are of equal size weight or strength. The concept of political equality no longer existed and this secondary meaning had been purged out of the word equal(pg. 323). .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c , .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c .postImageUrl , .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c , .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c:hover , .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c:visited , .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c:active { border:0!important; } .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c:active , .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf2981df4359663e76d3ea694e60c689c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: TOK Speech on Art EssaySo in the future Thoughtcrime would be practically non existent because there are no words that would be slanderous to the Party.  In every party members home is a telescreen. Proles tend not to have them as they cant afford them and they dont need to be watched. Telescreens do resemble televisions except there is only one channel and you can never turn it off. Everything on the telescreen is run by the Party. You can be watched and heard by telescreens. This is shown when Winston does his excersize in front of the telescreen in the morning and the woman on it shouts at Winston 6079 Smith W! Yes, you! Bend lower please! (pg. 39). When Winston goes to OBriens house he turned his telescreen off We have the privilege meaning inner party members. Across the hall from Winston lives a couple and their children. Winston went over to unblock a drain for Mrs. Parsons and he met their two young children aboy, nine and a girl aged seven. Winston thought their flat looked battered, trampled on and it looked like Some large violent animal (pg 23) had visited it. The two children were wearing the uniform of the spies which is red neckerchiefs, blue shorts and grey shirts.